Romania & wines

Romania , is a country in Eastern Europe , the seventh most populous country in the European Union and its minth area is 237 499 Km² Located in central and eastern Europe , geography focuses on the Carpathians, the Danube and the Black Sea.

The wine was made by the Dacians in the Greek colonies , along the Blackn Sea . It develops during the Roman period , the conquest by the Emperor Trajan in 106 to the barbarian invasion of 256 , to supply troops ( legions and auxiliaries ) in garrison and Romanized population located in the province of Dacia.During the crisis of the third century, the Roman Empire loses the benefit of the Dacian carpi and the Goths.

Partial evacuatiion under Gallienus in 260 - 268 , 271 - 272 in total under aurelian.

During the middle Ages and the modern period , the presence of a German minority in the southern Transylvania promotes the establishment of germanic varieties still present today

The Welschriesling and traminers and a taste for sweet wines , the majority of Romanian wines are white semi dry .The ravages of phylloxera at the very end of nineteenh century from 1885 , promotes the introduction of French varieties , Sauvignon, Cabernet Sauvignon ,Pinot Noir and Merlot.

During the communist period 1947 - 1989 , winemakers are expropriated , the small individual property being replaced by state farms ( cooperatives ) during the collectivization of land , as in all countries of the Eastern bloc , these vast structures of production were privatized after the fall of ceausescu , Romanian Revolution of 1989. Since the 1990 , some foreign winemakers settled in Romania , attracted by the low prices of land and labor.

They are four major wine regions , Transylvania, Wallachia, Moldavia, Dobrogea.

Vititiculture in Romania has a log history, with several native varieties producing wines of little known abroad ,Romania is the ninth largest in the world wine producing countries , as well as the largest producer among the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

Transylvania, mainly on the central plateau.

in Transylvania especially in the valley of the Târnava ( former Weinland around Medias) , in that of the bistrita ( Lechinja ) around Alba Iulia and Aiud in Banat , Recas, Bazias, Dealul Tirolului and Moldova Noua in Crisjana , Minis , Podgoria Aradului and Biharia in Maramures, Silvania and Vulea him Mihat.

Wallachia , mainly along the southern foothills of the Carpathians , sometimes over flowing on the plain , Wallachia ( Muntenia : Dealurile Buzauliu, Dealul Mare, Stefanesti and Sâmburesti in Oltenta, Dragasant, Crusetu, Corcova, and Severinului Sadova Corabia.

Moldova, along the foothills of the Carpathian Curvature , Panciu and Odobesti Cotesti , and the plate Ivesti Nicoresti , Zeletin , Dealu Bujorrului, Colinele Tutovei, husi, Lasi and Cotnari

Cotnari wines

Dobrudja, Mainly on the edge of the plateau Murfaltar south near Constanta, Babadag and Sarica Niculitel Futher North.

The total cultivated area was 242, 700 hectares in 2002 , 83,500 in Moldavia, Muntenia 74 300 , 35 100 in Oltenia , Dobrogea 24 200. 11100 Crisana Muramures, 10 800 in Transylvania and 3700 Hectares in Banat.

Romanian climate is generally continental, so with very contrasted seasons, winters are cold and snowy, while summers are hot.

Nuances between regions are due to a cooler climate in Transylvania, the Carpathian mountain influences in Wallachia and Moldavia , Banat in the Mediterranean ( from the Adiatic) , and the proximity of the Black Sea for Dobrudja which softens the winters but relatively dried summers makes , Grapes white and gray

The classic European grape varities are represented , Welschriesling, Aligoté, Sauvignon, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Muscat Ottonel, Gewürztraminer, Muscat of Alexandria and Chasselas, but also grapes autochtones, Feteasca Regala, Feteasca Alba, Grasa de Cotnari, Crâmposie, Francusa, Galbena of Odobesti, Sarba Tamâlioasa româneasca ( Muscat Romanian)

Romanian wine law classifies wines according to color ( white , rosé or red) the amount of sugar dry, semi dry, semi sweet or sweet,and especially its alcohol.

vinuri pentru consumul curent, wine consumption.

masa wine, table wine, masa superior, superior table, wine vinuri calitate of wine quality.

vinuri calitate of superior , pemium wine become vinuri indicatie geografica protejata cu , cudenumiri vinuri wine of origin controlata , wine AOC made from grapes containing at least 196g of sugar per liter of must.

Vinuri of inalta calitate cru denumiri controlata of origin wine appellation of controlledorigin and quality grades, vinuri din struguri culesti the deplima maturitate vintage to mature berries DOCC CMI , at least 220g of sugar per liter

Vinuri din cru struguri stafiditi if putregai Nobil vintage finishing the berries with noble rot DOCC CIB , at least 250g of sugar per liter.

Other traditional terms can be added , bottled by the producer , bottling special wine bar wine medalist, pure vine barrels elite treasure cellar , storeroom, youmg wine, wine brought to maturation in oak barrels.

Since 1993 , the national designations of origin for wine and other wine products , ONDOV , is in charge of 132 geogra^phical names and appellation of origin.

Viticulture in Romania has a long history , with several native varieties producing wines of little known abroad

Romania is the ninth largest in the world wine producing countries , as well as the largest producer among the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

production was 5.089 800 hectoliters of wine for the year 2002 , 2035.500 in Moldavia , Muntenia 1.530.000 , .492.200 in Oltenia , Dobrogea 800 and 400 ,621.300 Crisana Muramures , 312.300 in Transylvania .57.700 hectares in the Banat.

68.5% of the wines produced in 2002 were white, 31.4% are red wines 71.5% of current consumption , 28% of DOC .

While imports are reduced ( 7770 hl ) , a tenth of the Romanian productio is exported to Moldava ( 218.110 hl ) Germany ( 152 360 hl , Szech Republic 35.180 hl, Italy 23.270 hl the United Kingdom 11 230 hl OuIsrael 8820 hl.

Romanians consume little wine , compared to the comsumption in the countries of Western Europe . Up to hand in Moldava regionof highest consumption , only the bourgeoisie drink wine regulary , the vast majority of people prefer to drink alcoholic beverages like beer and schnapps , eau de vie from locally produced fruits , including drinking and aperitif.Wine Consumption in Romania is sometimes as spritz , which means white wine cut with mineral water ga.